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Bank reconciliation statement

A bank reconciliation statement is a working schedule explaining every difference between a business's cash book balance and its bank statement balance, so both are brought to one agreed true cash figure.

ByHoang TruongUpdated

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A bank reconciliation statement brings two balances to the same figure. Starting from the cash book's €5,340, adding €40 of bank interest and subtracting €15 of bank charges gives €5,365. Starting from the bank statement's €5,965, subtracting €900 of unpresented cheques and adding back a €300 deposit in transit also gives €5,365, confirming the true cash position.

Where it fits
SubjectFinancial AccountingCoreTopicWorking Capital & Trade AccountsCore

The formula

LaTeX
Adjusted cash book balance=B+IF\text{Adjusted cash book balance} = B + I - F

Variables

Cash book balance before adjustment ()
Bank credits not yet recorded (e.g. interest earned, amounts collected directly by the bank) ()
Bank deductions not yet recorded (e.g. bank charges, dishonoured cheques) ()

Corrects the company's own cash book for items the bank has already processed but the business has not yet entered.

LaTeX
Adjusted bank balance=SU+D\text{Adjusted bank balance} = S - U + D

Variables

Bank statement balance before adjustment ()
Unpresented (outstanding) cheques written but not yet cashed ()
Deposits in transit (recorded by the company, not yet credited by the bank) ()

Corrects the bank statement for items the company has already recorded but the bank has not yet processed.

Check yourself

PracticeCORE

A company's cash book shows a balance of €8,240 at the end of the period. The bank statement shows €8,890. Investigation finds: cheques written but not yet presented totalling €1,260; a deposit made on the last day, not yet credited by the bank, of €450; bank charges of €40 not yet entered in the cash book; and a standing order of €120 paid directly by the bank but not yet entered in the cash book. What is the correct reconciled cash balance?

Select an answer to check your understanding.